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Canada is the second largest country on earth—10 million square kilometres. Three oceans line Canada’s
frontiers: the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Atlantic Ocean in the east, and the Arctic Ocean to the north.
Along the southern edge of Canada lies the Canada-United States boundary. Both Canada and the U.S.A.
are committed to a safe, secure and efficient frontier.
Your Canadian Citizenship
Study Guide
Canada’s Regions
44
(from Top to Bottom)
Ottawa’s Rideau Canal,
once a military waterway,
is now a tourist attraction
and winter skateway
Banff National Park,
Alberta
(Right)
Peggy’s Cove harbour,
Nova Scotia
The Regions of Canada
Canada includes many different geographical
areas and five distinct regions.
• The Atlantic Provinces
• Central Canada
• The Prairie Provinces
• The West Coast
• The Northern Territories
The National Capital
Ottawa, located on the Ottawa River, was chosen
as the capital in 1857 by Queen Victoria, the
great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II.
Today it is Canada’s fourth largest metropolitan
area. The National Capital Region, 4,700 square
kilometres surrounding Ottawa, preserves and
enhances the area’s built heritage and natural
environment.
Provinces and Territories
Canada has ten provinces and three territories.
Each province and territory has its own capital
city. You should know the capital of your province
or territory as well as that of Canada.
Population
Canada has a population of about 34 million
people. While the majority live in cities,
Canadians also live in small towns, rural areas
and everywhere in between.